Concrete form panel



Filed May 22, 1940 3 SheeztsSheet 2 coudnmm FORM PANEL E'iled May 22, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 For the supporting frame, I ordnarily use dimension lumber in the form ot studs and walers. A characteristic feature of my invention is that both the studding and. the walers are adhesively attached with a water-resistant glue, rfor example, a water-resstant casein glue to the rear surace of the acing panels. The studs whch may ordinarily he 2 x 4s or 2 x 6s are placed on edge and glued onto the plywood panels. Nails may be used in place of clamps to hold the suraces in contact whle the glue is setting, the nails aftervvards being withdrawn, if desired. The spacing of the studs may be varied according to the conditions, but with light forms of thin walls are usually placed on 16" centers. In designing the stud supports, I make the studding relatively short and at the location Where waler supports would be required along the back edge of the studs in the ordinary type of forms, I insert the waler timbers whch may he 4 x 4s or 2 x 4 studs, or 6 x 6s for 2 x 6 studs, between the ends of adjacent rows of studs attaching the ends of the studs to the walers irmly and. gluing the walers to the facing. I then provide means or tying the walers together against the thrust of the studs and preferably provide that the tying means does not project outwardly from the rear surface or the form. In some instances, I provide as a tie a second plywood skin glued onto the rear face of the orms, whle, in other instances, I may use gusset plates or metal rods or some similar means or tying which is of a character adapted to be located entirely wthin the studding spaces.

In the accompanying drawings, a plur-ality of preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated, but it must be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of eenstructon disclosed, as many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to one skilled in the art.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a plurality o panel units in assembled relation.

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of a. monolithic concrete structure, showing a preferred arrangement o;f form units.

Figure 3 is an elevation, partly in section, of a panel unit, similar to the one shown in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section on line 44 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a sectional detail on line 55 of Fgure 3.

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional detail of a modification.

Figures 7 and 8 -are end and side views of a coupling element.

Figures 9 and. 10 are end and side views of an angle bracket.

Fgure 11 is a vertical sectional view on line IIH of Fgure 3.

Figu.re 12 is a vertical sectional detail on line |2-l2 of Figure 3.

Fgure 13 is an elevational detail of a preferred form of corner connection.

Fgure 14 is a fragmentary elevation and partial section of a modified form of panel structure.

Figure 15 is a horzontal section of the construction shown in Figure 14.

Figure 16 is an elevational view, partly in section, of another wall construction, and

Figure 17 is a horizontal sectional view of the same.

Referring to Figure 2, the present nvention h&Sbee n ound particularly useful in connection with the building of large, heavy monolithic concrete structures such as bridge piers and the like. For instance, forms of the type shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4 were used in building the piers for the 2,800 oot suspension bridge now being built by the Washington Tol] Bridge Authority across the Narrows of Pu=get Sound, 'Iacoma, Washington.

In accordance with the present invention, a plurality of aform units are assembled in roups of three, four or any other convenient number, to define hollow spaces or cells around which the concrete is poured. 'I'hus, groups of four units 20, 21, 22 and 23 may be assembled in edge to edge relation and the groups or sets positioned with their manually facing walls spaced. apart in paral- 1e1 relation to provide spaces in which concrete 25 may be poured and Packed. After the concrete has set somewhat, but preferably before t has completely hardened, the tie rods connectng the groups of panel members, descrbed belovv, are removed and the forms lifted. They are then reconnected and more concrete is poured to continue the vertical building-up of the concrete structure.

For this type of work, panel units of the type shown in Figures 1-4 are preferred. These members are made up of a smooth, outer acing layer 2! of such material as plywood, a renforcing framework 28 and, preferably, an inner layer of sheet material 29 whch also is preferably plywood materal. The individual elements of the framework may be glued to each other and to the inner and outer plywood coverings, so that a strong, rigid, internally reinforced, smooth-faced, unitary panel element is provided.

As shown in Fgures 3 and 4, the internal framework comprises vertical edge members 30, 3l, extending the fullheight of the panel and vertical, intermediate members 32, 33, 34, al] of which are relatively heavy wooden timbers. Between the elongated vertical members or walers 3 I 32, etc., there are a plurality of horizontal stud members 35, having their ends 36 disposed in sockets 31, formeel in the walers. As shown in Fgure 5, the sockets 37 have inclined bottoms and the ends 36 are out on s milar inclined planes, with the result that pressure applied to the studs rom outer face 21 simply wedges the studs more tghtly between the walers and prevents any substantial movement therebetween. The ends of the studs are preferably secured in the sockets by glue. It is seen also that the inclined ends of the studs and the inclined bottoms of the sockets provide a greatef gluing area than would be the case if the studs were cut square.

As an alternative method, the studs 35a (Fig. 6) may be secured to the vertical walers 32a, by ring connectors 39 embedded respectvely in the ends of the studs and the side faces of the walers. Moreover, the ring connectors 39 may be used to secure the end faces of the walers to the horizontal top and bottom frame members 40, M.

In the preferred embodiment, however, the ends of the studs 35 are inclined, as shown in Figures 3 and 5. Any tendency to relative movement between the studs and the walers would serve to move the walers apart, relative to each other, but this tendency is eiectively resisted by the outer plywood sheets glued thereto, or by other interconnecting means such as bolts or the 1ike.

The inner plywood layer. 39 is provded with a plurality of openings 42 whch give access to socket members 43, set in the vertical frame members 33 and carrying bolts 44 whch may be connected to tie rods 45, to secure the groups or 2. n a concrete form, a unitary panel structure comprising a smooth, contnuous sheet adapted. to contact the concrete and. to receive pressure therefrom, and a supportng frame for sad sheet ncludng stud members and wa1er members both adhesively secured to the rear face of sad sheet, the ends of the studs beng disposed n rearwardly facing nclined planes and. beng secured in abuttng relation upon simi1ar oppositely nclined surfaces associated with the walers, and a second sheet glued. to the rear faces of the walers and. studs to prevent relatve separaton of the walers.

3. In a concrete form, a panel unit comprising smooth, contnnous coverng sheets on both front and rear pressure and non-pressure receving faces thereof, a frame comprsing waler members secured to the sheets, and stud. members having ther ends on rearwardly acng nclined planes wedged between the sides of the walers, and te bolts connectng the walers to assist said coverng sheets in resisting separaton of the walers.

4. In a concrete form, a untary panel structure comprising a plywood sheet adapted to contact the concrete and to receive pressure therefrom, a second plywood sheet spaced rearwardly therefrom, and a pressure resstng framework between the sheets and adhesvely unted thereto, sad framework comprisng a plurality of spaced parallel walers extending substantally entrely across one dmension of the sheets, and. stud members dsposed transversely of the walers and having ther ends in abutting relation to the sides of the walers, the ends of the studs beng cut on readwardly facng nclined planes and. disposed in abutting relaton aganst oppositely inclned surfaces of the wa1ers, sad plywood sheets serving to resst displacement of the walers relatve to each other and relatve to the studs.

5. In a concrete form, a untary panel structure comprising a plywood sheet adapted to contact the concrete and to receive pressure therefrom, a second plywood sheet spaced rearwardly therefrom, and a pressure resistng framework between the sheets and adhesively united thereto, said framework comprsng a pluralty of spaced parallel walers extendng substantally entrely across one drnension of the sheets, and stud members dsposed transversely of the walers and having ther ends in abutting relation to the sides of the walers, the ends of the studs beng cut on rearwardly facng inclned planes and. disposed in abutting relaton aganst oppostely inclined surfaces of the walers, and bolts connectng the walers to resist dsplacement thereof relatve to each other and relatve to the studs.

ERWIN A. HORN. 

